海上风机吸力式桶形基础承载特性研究综述     

毋晓妮  廖倩  李晔 《海洋技术学报》2020,39(1):91-106

风机基础作为海上风机整体结构的重要组成部分,承受着上部风机所受到的风浪流荷载,并且对风机的安全性及可靠性至关重要。吸力式桶形基础由于其安装简单和可重复利用等优点,在海洋平台基础中得到了广泛应用,并逐步应用于海上风机基础中。但由于海上风机与海洋平台在海洋环境中的荷载工况有一定的差别,仍需要通过对其承载特性研究现状进行全面认识,以实现吸力式桶形基础在海上风机基础中的可靠应用。文中通过总结和评价现有研究对桶形基础在不同土体条件以及荷载条件下进行试验及数值模拟分析得到的研究结果,综述了静荷载和循环荷载作用下砂土和黏土中的吸力式桶形基础的承载特性研究现状,以及海上风机吸力式桶形基础的相关研究。文章展望了目前应用于海上风机基础的桶形基础仍缺乏的研究,为海上风机吸力式桶形基础的可靠应用及后续研究提供重要参考。  相似文献   

辽宁北部早古生代弧－陆碰撞作用的发现及其构造意义     

时溢  石绍山  舒广龙 《地质与资源》2020,29(4):397-400

自然资源部中国地质调查局沈阳地质调查中心基础地质室构造研究团队在辽宁北部法库地区地质调查过程中，初步识别出了一次弧－陆碰撞作用.根据地质年代学研究，其主要发生在早古生代.该发现为华北板块北缘东段松辽盆地覆盖区的早古生代的构造演化史研究提供重要依据.  相似文献   

Upscaling the resilience assessment through comparative analysis     

《Global Environmental Change》2022

Resilience is the capacity of any system to maintain its function, structure and identity despite disturbances. Assessing resilience has been elusive due to high levels of abstraction that are difficult to empirically test, or the lack of high quality data required once appropriate proxies are identified. Most resilience assessments are limited to specific situation arenas, making comparision one of the unresolved challenges. Here we show how leveraging comparative analysis can provide insights on how Arctic communities (N = 40) can best deal with social and environmental change. We found that the capacity to self-organize, and nurturing diversity are sufficient conditions for Arctic communities whose livelihoods have been resilient, or for communities whose livelihoods have been transformed. Our study provides an alternative perspective on how to assess resilience by leveraging comparsion across cases. It also identify governance patways to support adaptations and transformations in the Arctic, a geography with some of the most dramatic social and natural challenges to come.  相似文献   

Navigating climate crises in the Great Barrier Reef     

《Global Environmental Change》2022

A dramatic escalation of extreme climate events is challenging the capacity of environmental governance regimes to sustain and improve ecosystem outcomes. It has been argued that actors within adaptive governance regimes can help to steer environmental systems toward sustainability in times of crisis. Yet there is little empirical evidence of how acute climate crises are navigated by actors operating within adaptive governance regimes, and the factors that influence their responses. Here, we qualitatively assessed the actions key governance actors took in response to back-to-back mass coral bleaching – an extreme climate event – of the Great Barrier Reef in 2016 and 2017, and explored their perceptions of barriers and catalysts to these responses. This research was, in part, a product of collaboration and knowledge co-production with Great Barrier Reef governance actors aimed at improving responses to climate crises in the region. We found five major categories of activity that actors engaged with in the wake of recurrent mass coral bleaching: assessing the scale and extent of bleaching, sharing information, communicating bleaching to the public, building local resilience, and addressing global threats. These actions were both catalyzed and hindered by a range of factors that fall within different domains of adaptive capacity; such as assets, social organization, and agency. We discuss the implications of our findings as they relate to existing research on adaptive capacity and adaptive governance. We conclude by coalescing insights from our interviews and a participant engagement process to highlight four key ways in which the ability of governance actors, and the Great Barrier Reef governance regime more broadly, can be better prepared for, and more effectively respond to extreme climate events. Our research provides empirical insight into how crises are experienced by governance actors in a large-scale environmental system, potentially providing lessons for similar systems across the globe.  相似文献   

超大城市综合气象观测试验之测风激光雷达数据评估          下载免费PDF全文

张志坚  张静  伍光胜  高瑞泉 《热带气象学报》2022,38(2):253-264

为评估用于超大城市综合气象观测试验的测风激光雷达,从最大有效探测高度和数据获取率两方面对测风激光雷达的探测能力进行分析,同时使用测风激光雷达与深圳气象梯度观测塔的测风资料从不同观测高度、不同观测值等方面进行对比分析,结果表明:测风激光雷达与深圳气象梯度观测塔的风速、风向一致性较好,相关系数分别为0.96、0.99,平均绝对误差分别为0.54 m/s、9.95 °,且不同高度层的测风结果也较为一致,但雨天和雾天条件对测风激光雷达的最大有效探测高度和数据获取率影响较大,设备探测能力受到一定的限制。   相似文献   

2015—2019年辽宁省暴雨红色预警信号分布及其特征     

刘静  陈传雷  严俊  王瀛  才奎志  任川  韩梅  董巍 《气象与环境学报》2021,37(1):100-105

利用2015—2019年辽宁省发布的暴雨红色预警信号和1605个自动站的分钟级降水资料,统计暴雨红色预警信号和短时大暴雨年际变化和时空分布,分析暴雨红色预警信号的高分布区、易发时段。结果表明：2015—2017年辽宁省暴雨红色预警信号发布站数逐年递增,最大值出现在2017年,发布站数为147个;2015—2018年预警信号准确率提升,提前时间略减少,最低值为2018年,提前时间为19 min;2019年比2018年暴雨红色预警信号发布站数减少59个,提前时间增加29 min;暴雨红色预警信号的空间分布为东南部地区多、中部地区少;暴雨红色预警信号多在夜间发布;在辽宁省发布的50%以上的暴雨红色预警信号中,降水量达到预警发布标准的时间滞后于最大雨强出现时间90 min,最大雨强出现时间为暴雨红色预警信号发布的重要指标。为了达到防灾减灾的服务效果,发布暴雨红色预警信号时,应充分考虑最大雨强出现时间、发布时机、短时大暴雨高发区及地形的影响。  相似文献   

Theropod assemblages and a new ichnotaxon Gigandipus chiappei ichnosp. nov. from the Jiaguan Formation,Lower Cretaceous of Guizhou Province,China     

《地学前缘(英文版)》2018,9(6):1745-1754

A newly discovered Jiaguan Formation(Lower Cretaceous) tracksite from the Linjiang region of Guizhou Province, China, reveals the first example of a Cretaceous track morphotype attributable to the non-avian theropod ichnogenus Gigandipus, here named Gigandipus chiappei ichnosp nov. The theropod dominated locality also reveals the second report of the avian theropod ichnogenus Wupus, one of the largest avian traces currently known from the Lower Cretaceous. The Linjiang site provides evidence to support previous interpretations of a distinctive Lower Cretaceous theropod-dominated ichnofauna that was widespread in China and East Asia and highlights the similarity between Lower Cretaceous theropod ichnotaxa in East Asia and those found in the Lower Jurassic both in East Asia and elsewhere. These similarities in turn create various ichnotaxonomic challenges familiar to researchers working on theropod tracks, and we recommend caution in the naming of new theropod ichnotaxa at the ichnogenus level.  相似文献   

Early Cretaceous I-type granites in the Tengchong terrane:New constraints on the late Mesozoic tectonic evolution of southwestern China     

Yi Fang  Yun-Hui Zhang  Shou-Ting Zhang  Hua-Wen Cao  Hao Zou  Jian-Hui Dong 《地学前缘(英文版)》2018,9(2):459-470

  相似文献   

宁波地区空气质量及大气自净能力海陆差异对比     

杨栋  朱佳敏  姚日升  涂小萍 《气象与环境学报》2019,35(3):52-59

以镇海、奉化分别作为宁波沿海和内陆空气质量代表站。基于代表站2013-2017年污染物资料和2015年12月至2017年2月冬季激光雷达资料,对比分析宁波地区沿海和内陆站点的空气质量差异;利用NCEP的GDAS(Global Data Assimilation System)资料和ERA-Interim高分辨率再分析资料评估两地气溶胶来源及大气自净能力差异。结果表明:宁波沿海和内陆地区中度及以上污染主要集中于冬季,冬季首要污染物以PM2.5为主;镇海NO2浓度较奉化显著偏高,而两地PM2.5 和PM10 浓度差异较小。冬季镇海和奉化3km以下都存在消光系数大的气溶胶集中层,镇海3km内消光系数平均值较奉化偏高约40%。两地中度及以上污染时,镇海和奉化的气溶胶粒子主要来自宁波西北方向的内陆地区,比例分别为90%和63%,镇海地区其余10%左右来自近距离低空偏东气流的输送,而奉化地区有37%来自浙江西南部的短距离输送。冬季当宁波地区出现区域性优和中度以上污染时,浙江北部沿海分别盛行东北风和西北风,空气质量优时混合层内平均风速大于中度以上污染时。浙江省大气自净能力比值呈自西北向东南减小,宁波地区优等空气质量大气自净能力约为中度以上污染的 1.5倍。大气自净能力在不同空气质量等级下差异显著,可作为大气污染发生、发展和消退判定的参考依据。  相似文献   

内蒙古呼包鄂地区近56年来大气环境容量变化特征分析          下载免费PDF全文

刘新  刘林春  尤莉 《气象与环境科学》2019,42(1):86-92

为探讨内蒙古呼包鄂地区大气对污染物承载能力的变化,科学评价气候变化对大气环境的影响,利用1961—2016年呼包鄂地区8个国家气象站降水量、风速、云量资料,分析了该地区气象条件的变化特征及大气环境容量的时空分布特征,并对大气环境容量与气象要素之间的相关性进行了分析。结果显示:呼包鄂地区大气环境容量1月的最小、4月的最大,春季的>秋季的>夏季的>冬季的,年平均大气环境容量为62.4 t/d/km^2;月、季、年平均大气环境容量呈波动减小趋势,特别是20世纪70年代末期之后减小趋势更为显著;有明显的空间分布特征,由城区向郊区逐渐增大,城郊差异冬季最为明显,夏季差异最小;大气环境容量与降水相关性差,与风速和日最大混合层高度呈显著的正相关关系,特别是与风速相关性更显著,与小风日数呈显著的负相关关系。  相似文献